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Mangala Snanam, also known as the wedding shower, holds significance in Tamil Hindu weddings as a pre-wedding custom. This age-old tradition symbolises the cleansing and preparation of the bride and groom for their union in marriage. It involves applying sandalwood paste and a cleansing bath with holy water. Taking place on the morning of the wedding day Mangala Snanam meaning "holy bath ", involves two ceremonies for the bride and groom at their respective homes, where they are joined by family and close friends. However, modern couples can also organise it together — the more, the merrier! A stage or swing is adorned with marigolds and banana leaves for the bride and groom to sit on. They then partake in rituals led by a priest who recites prayers and bestows blessings upon them. He encourages guests to apply a paste made of turmeric powder, sandalwood, oils, milk and water. Relatives and friends get to join in the fun, putting haldi on the bride and groom’s face and arms — sometimes getting some haldi on themselves too! Turmeric is known for its spiritual properties and its ability to enhance skin radiance naturally. In Tamil weddings groups of women come together in sets of five or seven to anoint the couple with the haldi paste while singing songs. Following this is the application of sandalwood paste known for its cooling properties. The gentle massaging of this paste onto their skin signifies not only physical purification but also spiritual cleansing. This part of the ritual is similar to the North Indian Haldi ceremony. The ceremonial climax involves showering the bride and groom with water from a nearby holy river—a gesture marking an important moment in their journey towards matrimony. The bride and groom are seated on stools as the older women in their family pour water over them from copper or brass containers. They are then bathed in oil, turmeric, and coconut milk. The act of bathing represents washing away all impure thoughts from one’s mind and all negative energy from one's body. To end the ceremony,, the bride and groom are dressed in their wedding garments. The bride usually wears a silk saree, while the groom wears a dhoti. Following this, they seek blessings from family members marking the conclusion of the Mangala Snanam ritual.
This special ceremony goes beyond a physical cleansing tradition; it holds deep spiritual significance as it cleanses the mind, body and soul of the bride and groom. It symbolises their journey from a single life to a shared path as husband and wife.
The inclusion of turmeric in the ritual carries a layered meaning. Turmeric, known for its purifying qualities represents purity and blessings. The application of turmeric paste on the couple signifies the removal of impurities and negativity ensuring they embark on this new chapter of their lives with optimism and positivity. Likewise sandalwood paste is valued for its cooling properties and symbolises peace and serenity.
The ceremonial bathing with water underscores the theme of purification. Water, universally recognised as a symbol of life and purity, is believed to cleanse wrongdoings and negative influences. Bathing in water from revered rivers adds a divine touch to the ritual seeking blessings from deities for a smooth married life.
This ceremony shows the role spirituality plays in Tamil weddings. In Hinduism, reincarnation is a popular tenet. Many Hindus believe marriage is believed to be a sacred relationship where the husband and wife come together not just for this life, but for seven lifetimes. According to this, marriage doesn’t just exist between two individuals, but between two souls. This practice highlights the significance of purification in Hindu traditions by emphasising that marriage is not merely a union but a sacred bond blessed by higher powers.
As the Mangala Snanam ceremony is performed with close friends and family, it also showcases the communal aspect that is prevalent in Tamil wedding customs.
During the Mangala Snanam ceremony, the bride and groom wear simple traditional attire that often features the classic textiles of Tamil Nadu.
The bride typically wears a silk or cotton saree. She can opt for a classic white and gold saree or something bright like yellow, orange, and pink. The luxurious Kanchipuram sarees are reserved for the main wedding ceremony, so for the Mangala Snanam, the bride can choose another traditional Tamil saree. Popular options include Pochampalli, Dharmavaram, and Arani silk sarees.
The Pochampalli silk saree is known for its tie-and-dye technique and geometric patterns. It is a bright and vibrant ensemble, perfect for this beautiful ceremony.
Dharmavaram silk sarees are famous for their superior weaving techniques, which craft pure silk into elaborate borders. The pallus showcases beautiful designs inspired by nature, temples, and historical symbols.
The Arani silk saree is another popular choice known for its brilliant colour achieved using natural dyes like beetroot, turmeric, and pomegranates. The patterns and motifs on these sarees often draw inspiration from South Indian art and culture.
The groom wears a dhoti along with an angavastram or shawl draped over the shoulder. The dhoti is typically in cream shades with a gold border. Occasionally, the groom can also wear a silk kurta or shirt with trousers.
The bride’s jewellery is simple, understated, and traditional, complementing her elegant ensemble. On her special day, the bride often selects earrings, ranging from gold studs to more intricate jhumkas (dangling earrings). She may also wear a Besari, a gold nose ring embedded with precious stones. This nose stud brings an traditional element to the brides appearance.
When it comes to necklaces, the bride has a few that she can choose from. The Attigai is a favoured choice. This fitting choker necklace is typically crafted from gold, adding sophistication and tradition to the bride's overall attire.
The bride may also opt for a Maalai or Charam necklace made of simple gold and adorned with pearls and corals. She can also wear a Sangili, a gold chain that enhances the bride's look with subtle elegance. On her wrists, the bride wears bangles made of gold or embellished with floral designs.
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