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In the rituals that make up a Punjabi wedding, the Haldi ceremony stands out for its simplicity, vibrant colour, and joyous energy. This pre-wedding ritual, steeped in centuries of tradition, holds deep cultural significance and is one of the most cherished events leading up to the wedding day. Typically held a day or two before the wedding, it takes place both at the bride's and the groom's homes. The ritual involves applying a paste made from turmeric (haldi), sandalwood, rose water, and sometimes yogurt or milk, to the skin of the bride and groom. The paste is applied to their face, neck, arms, and feet by close family members and friends using their hands or sometimes using special wooden sticks, or even leaves. The application of Haldi is usually accompanied by singing of traditional wedding songs, making it a lighthearted and joyful occasion. It is customary for family and friends to smear each other with Haldi as well, adding to the fun of the event. Once the ceremony is over, the bride and groom are not supposed to leave their homes until the wedding day, as they are believed to be in a state of purity and protection. The ritual often varies slightly depending on the region, family customs, and cultural influences. For example, in some communities, a small twig from a sacred tree or mango leaves is dipped in the Haldi paste and used to apply it to the couple’s skin, while in others, married women from the family are specifically chosen to perform the ritual, as they are believed to bring good luck and prosperity to the couple.
In Hindu tradition, turmeric is considered an auspicious substance with strong associations with purification, healing, and protection. It is believed that turmeric’s natural properties cleanse the body and spirit of the bride and groom, ridding them of any negative energies and preparing them for the sacred act of marriage.
In addition to its spiritual importance, turmeric also has practical benefits. It is known for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and skin-brightening properties, making it a natural cosmetic for brides and grooms. The application of Haldi is said to give their skin a natural glow and enhance their beauty before the weddings in Punjab, Delhi and Chandigarh.
For brides, the outfit is usually in shades of yellow, orange, or green, in keeping with the colour scheme of the ceremony. Yellow, in particular, is considered the most auspicious colour for this occasion, as it matches the vibrant hue of turmeric and symbolises prosperity and good fortune. Brides often choose simple yet elegant sarees, salwar kameez, or lehenga cholis for this event, opting for lightweight fabrics such as cotton, silk, or chiffon to stay comfortable while being covered in turmeric paste.
Some brides choose to go all out with a traditional yellow saree with minimal embroidery, while others might opt for a more modern lehenga with intricate designs. The choice of attire often reflects the bride’s personal style, as well as her family’s traditions.
The groom's attire is typically more understated compared to the bride's but no less symbolic. Grooms usually wear a simple kurta and pyjama in shades of white, cream, or yellow. The white symbolises purity, while the yellow ties into the colour scheme of the Haldi ceremony. In some cases, the groom may wear a more casual outfit such as a dhoti or a simple kurta with a scarf or dupatta.
Brides typically opt for floral jewellery made from fresh flowers such as jasmine, marigold, or roses. Floral jewellery has become a popular choice for Haldi ceremonies because it complements the natural, earthy essence of the event. Brides may wear a floral maangtikka (forehead ornament), haathphool (hand jewellery), earrings, and necklaces made from flowers. Grooms, on the other hand, typically keep their accessories minimal during the Haldi ceremony. A simple mala (necklace) made from flowers or beads is sometimes worn.
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