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Wedding

Every wedding in Madhya Pradesh celebrates the union of two individuals and their families. The myriad rituals performed at every wedding may vary slightly depending on the family’s preference, but usually, they begin with a ceremony known as Roka. The Roka, Tilak, and Pilli-chitthi ceremonies are the foremost rituals where the marriage decision becomes official. In the Roka ceremony, the bride’s father permits the groom’s father to proceed with the wedding. In the Tilak ceremony, the bride’s brother goes to the groom’s house with gifts like fruits, sweets, and clothes. He applies tilak on the groom to symbolise his acceptance into the family. Pilli-chitty is also a pre-wedding ritual in which the groom’s family sends the first invitation card to the bride’s home to confirm the acceptance of the alliance between the two families. The invitation card symbolises Lord Ganesha and is dabbed with auspicious turmeric and vermillion powders. Other pre-wedding ceremonies like Mandap Aarohan, Haldi, and Mehendi usually follow the Pilli-chitthi ceremony. These ceremonies and celebrations typically begin one week before the wedding day. According to age-old customs, the Haldi ceremony is held in both the bride and groom’s homes about a week before the wedding. During this ceremony, married ladies smear haldi paste on the bride and groom’s arms, feet, and face. The spice, haldi or turmeric, is well-known for its cleansing, calming, antibacterial properties. It is also believed to protect the bride and groom from any evil eye. The women in the house make the haldi paste by mixing turmeric powder with oil and water. Sometimes, they add milk, rosewater, or sandalwood powder, depending on individual preference and skin type. This haldi paste is applied on the bride and groom every day till the wedding day. Today, Haldi is celebrated jointly by the bride and groom in outdoor venues like farmhouses and hotel lawns. It has everything from theme décor to singing, dancing, and feasting. The next joyous pre-wedding occasion is the Mehendi ceremony, which holds significant cultural and symbolic meaning. It is a part of the ancient Solah Shringar. It is organised a day or two before the wedding by the bride’s family, where the women get together to apply henna to the bride. However, professional mehendi or henna artists have applied decorative henna designs to the bride in the last few decades. Also, these days, the Mehendi ceremony in Madhya Pradesh is a combined celebration by the groom and bride. The occasion is marked by exuberant dancing and singing, with everyone getting mehendi designs tattooed on their palms. In some families, the mehendi paste for the bride still comes from the groom’s house and vice versa. The Mehendi party finally marks the end of the pre-wedding ceremonies. A ritual at the bride’s residence is called Padla on the wedding afternoon. In this ritual, the bride’s family exhibits all the gifts received by the bride. In Madhya Pradesh weddings, a large portion of the gifts come from the bride’s maternal uncle. The maternal uncle not only gifts sweets, clothes, and expensive jewellery to the bride but even hosts a sumptuous vegetarian lunch. On the wedding day, the groom arrives at the bride’s home or wedding venue in a procession called Baraat. It is a ceremonial wedding walk by the groom's family. The groom, dressed in all his finery with a sehra (flower and bead veil) covering his face, rides a beautifully decorated mare. There is music and dancing along the way. In Madhya Pradesh weddings, the baraat only has male family members. When they reach the wedding venue, the bride’s mother welcomes the groom with an aarti and escorts him to the grand mandap. After that, the bride’s father brings his daughter to the mandap. The wedding takes place in the mandap. At the centre, there is the Agni Kund (sacred fire). Other items like Kalash (a metal pot filled with water from the holy river), diya (oil lamp), incense sticks, coconuts, fruits, sweets, pulses, silk, and gold occupy the wedding mandap. A Brahmin pujari (priest) officiating the wedding ceremony lights the Agni amidst Vedic chanting. He ties the bride’s veil to the groom’s sash before they begin the Saptapadi ritual of seven pheras (encircling the holy fire) and taking seven vows. After the pheras are completed, the groom slips on green glass bangles onto the bride’s wrist. They are now officially declared as husband and wife. The most emotional post-wedding ceremony is the Vidai. After receiving gifts and blessings and enjoying the wedding feast, it is time for the bride to leave her home. The groom’s family showers flowers and coins on the bride, symbolising that even though Goddess Laxmi leaves her parent’s house, prosperity will remain with them. This poignant moment marks the beginning of a new chapter in the bride's life. Finally, she gets into a beautifully decorated car to proceed to her husband’s home. The first ceremony held at the husband’s house is Mooh Dekhai, meaning to show your face. The bride is seated with a veil, and all the women of the groom’s family come to see the bride’s face and shower her with gifts and blessings. This warm and welcoming gesture from the groom's family makes the bride feel accepted and cherished. The groom and his family arrive at the bride’s house for the Kunwar Kaleo the following day. They enjoy an elaborate breakfast of sweets, dry fruits, and traditional treats.

Cultural Significance

Weddings in Madhya Pradesh have age-old practices, customs, and rituals with deep meanings. Most of them are passed down through generations to help maintain cultural continuity. Weddings, from folk songs and dances to the ancient Solah Shringar, uphold the region’s identity. Weddings in Madhya Pradesh are also a celebration of kinship.

Family members, relatives, friends, and sometimes the entire village participate in a wedding celebration. Weddings also offer the perfect opportunity for social bonding, business interactions and matchmaking opportunities for the next bride and groom.

Most of the wedding ceremonies seeped in auspiciousness have spiritual significance. They bring prosperity and happiness to the bride and groom. They even safeguard them from evil eyes. Lastly, like most other Indian weddings, a wedding in Madhya Pradesh is high on aesthetics, from bridal attire to jewellery and wedding décor.

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Fashioning Tradition

At weddings in Madhya Pradesh, until recently, ghagra cholis and sarees dominated the traditional poshak (wedding attire) for brides. While the saree was a five-yard piece of silk draped around the body, the ghagra choli was a flair skirt with a short or long widely detailed blouse worn with a separate odhani (a long scarf). However, in recent times, many brides are opting for a designer lehenga choli, a skirt with more designs, like a fish cut or ballroom style, paired with a highly embellished odhani. The preferred colours for the poshak are red, pink, green, yellow, orange and gold. The brides even have elaborate hairstyles adorned with flowers and jewels.

On the other hand, the groom wears a traditional dhoti and kurta, with a jacket called Bandi. Some even prefer the sherwani, a long coat heavily embroidered and made from silk, brocade, or velvet. It is paired with a churidar (fitted trousers) or a dhoti. The groom may even wear a headgear known as the Safa or Chanderi Pagdi.

Jewellery & Accessories

In Madhya Pradesh weddings, traditional ornaments with motifs hold significant cultural and symbolic meaning. The bride is adorned in a Rakhri (forehead jewel), Nath (nose ring), Timaniyaan (choker inlaid with uncut diamonds), Jhumkas (dangling earrings), Chudda (a set of ivory and gold bangles), Bajuband (armlet), and Bichiya (toe rings). The Rakhri symbolises union, Nath beauty and grace, Timaniyan wealth, and Chudda marital status. The groom in Madhya Pradesh also wears jewels like the Sherwani brooch, multi-layered pearl and stone necklace, turban pin (kali), Kada (bangle), ring, and watch.

Image Credits

Wedding Sutra | Hindustan Times | Mint | Xinhua | Utsav Marraige Garden | Fashion Buzzer | Love Vivah | Indian Tour Packages | Wedding Wire | Deep Uprita | The Week | India Tv | The Week | Stylish Brides | Free Press Journal