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Weddings in Karnataka have a series of ceremonies, each with its own rituals and significance. One such ceremony is Bale Shaastra or the Bangle Ceremony. In Kannda, ‘bale’ means bangles, and ‘shaastra’ refers to Hindu scriptures. This intimate ceremony is performed by the bride and her family, with only the married women and close relatives in attendance. Usually held at a temple, Bale Shaastra starts with a pooja performed by the bride for the Goddess Lakshmi. Multiple idols of the goddess are placed on the altar along with gift baskets or ‘banga’. They include nine kinds of grains called Navadhanya, kumkum or vermillion, haldi or turmeric, and other items that represent prosperity and fertility. The offerings also include glass bangles of different colours. The bangles represent health, luck, and prosperity for women. The colours of the bangles stand for different values. For instance, red bangles symbolise energy and abundance, while green stands for good fortune and fertility. At the end of the pooja, the bride offers these bangles to five married women in her family. In some communities, the bride’s mother offers a gold thaali to the bride. This is one of the two leaf-like pendants that will form the mangalsutra that the bride will wear after marriage. In this ritual, the bride’s uncle puts a toe ring on the bride’s third toe and also ties a thread with an ornament on her head, which is called Basinga.
During the Bale Shaastra ceremony, the bride prays to the goddess of prosperity – Lakshmi. She is an important deity in Hinduism, who is often portrayed with four hands. Her hands stand for the four goals of life: kama (desire), artha (wealth), dharma (duty), and moksha (liberation). They also represent the four Vedas. Her symbol is the lotus which speaks of rising above worldly desires and remaining pure even when everything around you is negative. The lotus is a lesson in looking above material wealth and aiming for spiritual growth. As Lord Vishnu’s wife, Lakshmi is also the goddess of purity, fertility, and beauty. By praying to her, the bride is asking for her blessing for a happy, beautiful, and spiritually fulfilling married life.
This ceremony also shows the cultural, religious, and emotional importance of bangles for married Hindu women. Bangles are deeply intertwined with marriage in Indian culture. Similar to Western wedding rings, bangles are a sign of marital status. It is isn’t mandatory for women to wear them daily, but traditionally, bangles are a symbol of womanhood. Married women also wore them for the safety and good fortune of their husbands.
Bale Shaastra is an intimate, beautiful ceremony. Depending on her community and style preference, the bride will wear a specific type of silk saree. She can choose from one of Karnataka’s many traditional sarees, such as Ilkal, Molakalmuru, and Mysore silk sarees.
Ilkal sarees are associated with North Karnataka and date back to the 8th century. It gets its name from Ilkal, a weaving town in Bagalkot. These sarees are distinguished by their pallu, which typically have red hues with white temple motifs. The pallu also features patterns like hanige (comb), koti kammli (fort ramparts), toputenne (jowar), and rampa (mountain range). Occasionally, the middle portion has kyadgi or striped designs, while the border is often red or maroon, embellished with traditional chikki, gomi, paraspet, and gaddidadi motifs. These sarees use a lot of geometric shapes, such as rectangles and squares, that are further decorated with kasuti embroidery. The ample length of the saree allows women to wrap it around their heads, as per local tradition.
Molakalmuru silk sarees are known for their luxurious texture, delicate butta (motifs), and gold zari. Crafted using a three-shuttle technique, these sarees feature contrasting colours between the pallu, border, and body. Common motifs include hamsa (swans), rudrakshi (rudraksha seeds), vanki (arrow), lotus, peacock, mangoes, and gandabe.
Perhaps the most popular of all Karnataka sarees are Mysore silk sarees. Made from pure silk and embroidered with pure gold and silver threads, they are coveted around the country for their quality and technique. Regarded as one of the most elegant sarees, Mysore silk sarees also come in crepe de chine and georgette varieties.
Apart from the bangles, the bridal look for Bale Shaastre is kept light compared to her jewellery for other ceremonies. Still, it may consist of several unique pieces. For example, a Mangalorean Bunt bride will wear heavy gold earrings, Jhimkis, or jhumkas fringed with dangling pearls and gold beads. She may pair them with a Havalakki Sara, a long gold chain studded with precious gemstones that perfectly complements a red and gold saree.
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